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MCQ ON ADRENAL GLANDS class 12 for NEET
MCQ on ADRENAL GLANDS class 12 Biology with answers were prepared based on the latest pattern.We have provided class 12 Biology MCQs question with Answers to help students understand the concept very well.
MCQ ON ADRENAL GLANDS is useful for NEET / CSIR / UGC / CBSE / ICSE / AIIMS / EXAM / AFMC EXAM / STATE LEVEL MEDICAL EXAM 2022-23 , 2023-24
INTRODUCTION:-
Our body has one pair of adrenal glands , one at the anterior part of each kidney.The gland is composed of two types of tissues .
The centrally located tissue is called the adrenal medulla, and outside this lies the adrenal cortex.
The adrenal medulla secrets two hormones called adrenaline or epinephrine and noradrenaline or norepinephrine .
Thes are commonly called as catecholamines.
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are rapidly secreted in response to stress of any kind and during emergency situations and are called emergency hormones or hormones of fight or flight.
Endocrine glands lack ducts and hence are called ductless glands.
Their secretions are called hormones.
The classical definition of hormone as a chemical produced by endocrine glands and released into the blood and transported to a distantly located target organ has current scientific definition as follows:-
Hormones are non – nutrient chemical which acts as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.
The endocrine glands and hormone producing diffused tissues/ cells located in different parts of our body constitute the endocrine system.
Pituitary ,pineal, thyroid, adrenal , pancreas , parathyroid , thymus and gonàds are the endocrine bodies in our body.
The pituitary gland is located in a Bony cavity called sella tursica and is attached to thalamus by a stalk.It is divided anatomically into an adenohypophysis and neurophysis.
Adenohypophysis consists of two portions ,pars distalis and para intermedia.
The pars distalis region of pituitary, commonly called anterior pituitary produces , growth hormone (GH) , Prolactin (PRL) , thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) , luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
Pars intermedia secrets only one hormone called melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).
Neurohypophysis also known as posterior pituitary, stores and release two hormones called oxytocin and vasopressin ,which are actually synthesized by the hypothalamus and are transported axonally to neurohypophysis.
MCQ ON ADRENAL GLANDS class 12 for NEET
1. Adrenaline hormone is secreted by
(a) adrenal medulla
(b) hypothalamus
(c) neurohypophysis
(d) corticoids
Ans (a) adrenal medulla
2. Emergency hormones are
(a) adrenaline
(b) noradrenaline
(c) both a and b
(d) somatostatin
Ans. (c) both a and b
3. Adrenal cortex can be divided into layers
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Ans. (b) 3
4. The adrenal cortex secrets many hormones called
(a) catecholamines
(b) FSH
(c) ADH
(d) corticoids
Ans.(d) corticoids
5.The corticoids which are involved in the carbohydrate metabolism are called
(a)MSH
(b) ADH
(c) glucocorticoid
(d) oxytocin
Ans.(c) glucocorticoid
6. Corticoids , which regulates the balance of water and electrolytes in our body are called
(a) oxytocin
(b) vasopressin
(c) melatonin
(d) mineralocorticoid
Ans.(d) mineralocorticoid
7. The main mineralocorticoid in our body is
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Vasopressin
(c) melatonin
(d) Aldosterone
Ans.(d) Aldosterone
8. Glucocorticoids stimulates
(a) gluconeogenesis
(b) lipolysis
(c) proteolysis
(d) all the above
Ans.(d) all the above
9. The hormone involved in the maintaining the cardio – vascular system as well as the kidney functions.
(a) ADH
(b) thyroid hormone
(c) cortisol
(d) ACTH
Ans. (c) cortisol
10. Function of Aldosterone
(a) acts on a renal tubules
(b) reabsorption of sodium ions
(c) excretion of potassium ions and phosphate ions
(d) all the above
Ans. (d) all the above
11.Which helps in the growth of axial hair , pubic hair and facial hair during puberty
(a) calcium ions
(b) androgens
(c) adrenal cortex
(d) LH
Ans.(c) adrenal cortex
12.Which helps in the maintenance of electrolytes , body fluid volume, osmotic pressure and blood pressure.
(a) FSH
(b) LH
(c) thymosins
(d) aldostey
Ans . (d) Aldosterone
13.Which produces anti-inflammatory reactions and suppresses the immune response.
(a) corpus luteum
(b) T- lymphocytes
(c) FSH
(d) cotisol
Ans.(d) cortisol
14.Which stimulates the breakdown of glycogen resulting in an increased concentration of glucose in the blood.
(a) catecholamines
(b) blood pressure
(c) alrostei
(d) ACTH
Ans. (a) catecholamines
15. The layers of the adrenal cortex are
(a) zona reticularis
(b) zona fasciculata
(c) zone glomerulosa
(d) all the above
Ans.(d) all the above
ALSO READ:-
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16.Catecholamines consist of
(a) epinephrine
(b) nor epinephrine
(c) both a and b
(d) LH
Ans.(c) both a and b
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