MCQ ON DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM / DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM class 11 for NEET | DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM class 11| MCQ ON DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM with Answer | Check the below NCERT MCQ question for class 11Biology based on the with Answers.
MCQ on DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM class 11Biology with answers were prepared based on the latest pattern. We have provided class 11 Biology MCQs question with Answers to help students understand the concept very well.
MCQ ON DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM is useful for NEET / CSIR / UGC / CBSE / ICSE / AIIMS / EXAM / AFMC EXAM / STATE LEVEL MEDICAL EXAM/ KVS PGT BIOLOGY / NVS PGT BIOLOGY EXAM 2023-2024 ,2025
INTRODUCTION:-
DICOTYLEDONOUS STEM AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM :-
The transverse section of a typical young dicotyledonous stems shows that the epidermis is the outermost protective layer .
Covered with a thin layer of cuticle , it may be trichomes and a few stomata .The cells arranged in multiple layers between epidermis and pericycle constitute the cortex.
It consists of three sub-zones . The outer hypodermis consist of a few layers of collenchymous cells with conspicuous intercellular spaces.
The innermost layer of the cortex is called endodermis.
The cells of the endodermis are rich in starch grains and the layer is also referred to as starch sheath.
Pericycle is present on the inner side of endothermis and above the phloem in the form of semi-lunar patches of sclerenchyma.
In the transverse section of the sunflower root of dicotyledonous root , the internal tissue organisation as follows :-
The outermost layer is epidermis.Many of the epidermal cells protrude in the form of unicellular root hairs.
The cortex consists of several layers of thin – walled parenchymatous cells with intercellular spaces. The innermost layer of a cortex is called endodermis.
It comprises a single layer of barrel – shaped cells without any intercellular spaces.
The tangential as well as radial walls of the endodermal cells have a deposition of water impermeable.
EPIDERMAL TISSUE SYSTEM :-
THE EPIDERMAL TISSUE SYSTEM forms the outermost covering of the whole plant body and comprises epidermal cells stomata and the epidermal appendages the trichomes and hairs.
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the primary plant body. It is made up of elongated compactly arranged cells which form a continuous layer. Epidermis is usually single layered. Epidermal cells are parenchymatous with a small amount of cytoplasm lining the cell
wall and a large vacuole.
The outside of the epidermis is often covered with a thick layer called the cuticle which prevents the loss of water.
Cuticle is absent in roots.
Stomata aur structures present in epidermis of the leaves.
Stomata regulate the process of transpiration and gases exchange. Each stoma composed of two bean shaped cells known as guard cells.
Guard cells possess chloroplast and regulate theopening and closing of stomata.
THE COMPLEX TISSUES ARE MADE OF MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF CELLS.
THIS WORK TOGETHER IS A UNIT.
Xylum and phloem constituent the complex tissues in plants.
. PHLOEM :- PHLOEM transports food materials, usually from leaves to other parts of the plants. Phloem in angiosperm is composed of Sieve tube elements, companian cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres.
Gymnosperms have albuminous cells and sieve cells .They lacks sieve tubes and companion cells.
Sieve tubes elements are also long tube like structures arranged longitudinally and are sieve – like manner to form the sieve plates.
Companion cells :- The companion cells are specialised parenchymatous cells which are closely associated with sieve tubes elements.
PHLOEM Parenchyma :- It is made up of elongated tapering cylindrical cells which have dense cytoplasm and nucleus.
PHLOEM fibers:- it is made up of sclerenchymatous cells.There are generally absent in the primary phloem but are found in the secondary phloem.
XYLEM:-
XYLEM FUNCTION is a conducting tissue for water and minerals from roots to the stem and leaves . It also provides mechanical strength to the plants.
It is composed of four different kinds of elements , tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres , xylem parenchyma.
Gymnosperms lacks vessels in their xylem.
Tracheids are elongated or tube like cells with thick and lignified walls and tapering ends.
These are dead and are without protoplasm. The inner layers of cell walls have thickening which vary in form.
Vessel is along cylindrical tube like structure made of many cells called vessels members each with lignified walls and a large central cavity.
Xylem fibers have highly thickened walls and obliterated central lumens.
XYLEM parenchyma cells are living and thin walled and their cell walls are made up of cellulose.
They store food materials in the form of starch or fat .
The cells of the permanent tissues do not generally divide further. Permanent tissue having all cells similar in structure and functions are called simple tissues.
Permanent tissues having many different types of cells are called complex tissues.
Simple tissues:-a simple tissue is made of only one type of cells. The various simple tissues in plants are parenchyma, collenchyma and Sclerenchyma.
Parenchyma forms the major component within organs. The cells of the parenchyma are generally isodiametric.
They may be spherical , oval , round ,polygonal or elongated in shape.
Their walls are thin and made of cellulose.
They may either be closely packed or have small intercellular spaces.
The Parenchyma performs various functions like photosynthesis storage and secretion.
Collenchyma:-the Collenchyma occurs in layers below the epidermis in dicotyledonous plants.
It is found either as a homogeneous layer or patches.It consist of cells which are much thickened at the corners due to deposition of cellulose , hemicellulose and pectin.
Sclerenchyma:- it consist of long narrow cells with thick and lignified cell walls having a few or numerous pits.They are usually dead and without protoplasts.
MCQ DICOTYLEDONOUS AND MONOCOTYLEDONOUS STEM class 11 for NEET/KVS PGT BIOLOGY / NVS PGT BIOLOGY EXAM 2023-2024,2025
1.The transverse section of
a typical young dicotyledonous stem shows that the ………. is the protective layer of the stem.
(a) epidermis
(b) endodemis
(c) parenchyma
(d) collenchyma
Ans (a) epidemis
2. Which are characterised of monocot stem?
(a) It has a sclerenchymatous hypodermis a larger number of scattered vascular bundles.
(b) vascular bundles are conjoint closed
(c) The phloem parenchyma is absent
(d) all the above
Ans. (d) all the above
3. Dicotyledonous stem is covered with a thin layer of
(a) albuminous cells
(b) cuticle
(c) xylem and phloem
(d) sieve tubes
Ans. (b) cuticle.
4. The cells arranged in multiple layers between epidermis and pericycle constitute the
(a) epidermis
(b) pericycle
(c) conjunctive tissue.
(d) Cortex.
Ans.(d) cortex
5. The outer ……… consists of of a few layers of Collenchymatous cells just below the epidermis.
(a) hypodermis
(b) pericycle
(c) epidermis
(d) sieve tubes elements
Ans.(a) hypodermis
6. The tissue which provides mechanical strength to the young stem.
(a) companion cells
(b) phloem fibres
(c) casparian strips
(d) hypodermis
Ans.(d) hypodermis
7.The layer below hypodermis consists of rounded thin walled parenchymatous cells with conspicuous intercellular spaces .
(a) companion cells
(b) guard cells
(c) xylem fibers
(d) cortical layers
Ans.(d) cortical layers
8. The innermost layer of cortex is called the
(a) dumb – bell shaped
(b) xylem fibres
(c) endodermis
(d) circular shape
Ans.(c) endodermis
9. The cells of the endodermis are rich in starch grains and the layer is also referred to as
(a) parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) starch sheath
(d) companion cells
Ans. (c) starch sheath
10. it is present on the inner side of the endodermis
(a) Cortex
(b) epidermis
(c) pericycle
(d) monocot stem
Ans. Pericycle
11. In between the vascular bundles there are few layers of radially placed parenchymatous cells which constitute ……..
(a) parenchyma
(b) medullary rays
(c) phloem parenchyma
(d) phloem
Ans.(b) medullary rays
12. A large number of vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, the ring arrangement of vascular bundles is a characteristics of
a) monocotyledonous root
b) dicotyledonous root
c) root hairs
(d) dicot stem
Ans . (d) dicot stem
13. Each vascular bundle is conjoint , open , and with endarch protoxylem.It is found in
(a) sclerenchymatous cells
(b) dicotyledonous root
(c) monocotyledonous
(d) dicot stem
An. (d) dicot stem
14. A large number of rounded , parenchymatous cells with large intercellular spaces which occupy the central portion of the stem constitute the
(a) unicellular
(b) innerside of xylem
(c) pith
(d) parenchyma
Ans. (c) pith
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15. Vascular bundles are conjoint and closed in
(a) dicot stem
(b) dicot root
(c) monocot root
(d) dicot root
Ans.(c) monocot root
16. The phloem parenchyma is absent and water containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.
(a) dicotyledonous root
(b) parenchymatous cells
(c) monocotyledonous root
(d) monocot stem
Ans.(d) monocot stem
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