LH and fsh in males: LH and FSH hormone

LH and fsh in males: LH and FSH hormone

LH and fsh in males are hormones that both are secreted from interior pituitary glands and control the development of testis, sperm maturation, secretion of testosterone hormones and spermatogenesis.

LH and fsh hormone are also found in women in which the control the development of primary follicles, menstrual cycle ovulation and implantation of embryo.

LH and fsh in males

LH and fsh in males hormone are under the control of hypothalamus. Release of fsh and LH in males control by release of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. In seminiferous tubules of testis there are two types of cells Leydigs cells and sertoli cells. The hormone LH act on leydig cells of seminiferous tubules to release testosterone hormone. that’s why release of testosterone hormone are under the control of LH hormone.

And growth maintenance and functioning of secondary sex organs epididymis, vasa deferentia, accessory glands of testis and penis are under the control of testosterone hormone.

And follicle stimulating hormone act on seminiferous tubules and sertoli cells which is responsible for formation of sperm from spermatocytes by the process of spermatogenesis and sertoli cell provide nutrition to developing spermatozoa

LH and fsh full form

Both are sex hormone secreted both in male and female and control the many function like a sperm maturation sperm formation in male and maintaining follicular development menstrual cycle, ovulation, implantation and development of embryo during pregnancy in female. Student wants to know LH and fsh full form. LH full form is Luteinizing hormone and FSH full form is follicle stimulating hormone.

LH and fsh are collectively called

Luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone represented by LH and FSH respectively secreted from anterior pituitary gland and both LH and FSH are collectively called as gonadotropin hormone.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are called gonadotropins because stimulate the gonads testes in male and ovary in female. LH and fsh in males are not necessary for life, but are essential for reproduction.

These two hormones are secreted from cells in the anterior pituitary called gonadotrophs. Most gonadotrophs secrete only LH or FSH, but some appear to secrete both hormones.

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Structure of LH and fsh hormone

LH and FSH in males hormones are large glycoproteins composed of alpha and beta subunits. The alpha subunit is identical in all three of these anterior pituitary hormones, while the beta subunit is unique and endows each hormone with the ability to bind its own receptor.

LH and fsh in male reproductive system

Luteinizing Hormone LH stimulates secretion of sex steroids from the gonads testis in male. In the testes luteinizing hormone LH binds to receptors present on Leydig cells, stimulating synthesis and secretion of testosterone. And release of testosterone hormone in male testis control the development of secondary sexual character and accessory sexual gland epididymis and penis. So luteinizing hormone in male reproductive system only responsible for secretion and control of testosterone hormone.

FSH follicle stimulating hormone acting on seminiferous tubules of testis and sertoli cells. Follicle stimulating hormone activate the spermatocytes to undergoes spermatogenesis for formation of sperm. And fsh also supports sertoli cell provide nutrition to developing sperm. Follicular stimulating hormone responsible for sperm formation and maturation in male reproductive system.

LH and fsh in female reproductive system

In females reproductive systems during the early period of menstrual cycle LH and fsh ratio are generally same.

Follicle stimulating hormone fsh responsible for development of ovarian follicles. Fsh stimulate the ovarian follicles. And developing follicle secrets oestrogen hormone. The synthesis and secretion of estrogens is stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is in turn controlled by the hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). And oestrogen responsible for creating sexual Desire in female.

So follicle stimulating hormone responsible for development of follicles and secretion and control of oestrogen hormone in female reproductive system.

Both fsh and LH are responsible for oogenesis in female and formation of ova and singular known as ovum.

After start of menstrual cycle concentration and quantity of LH hormone increases gradually and concentration of LH hormone is high in between half of menstrual cycle about 10 days to 15 days of Mens period, average on 30 day level of LH hormone is maximum and high that is known as LH surge. LH surge causes ripen Graafian follicles to burst and release of secondary oocyte that is known as ovulation.

After ovulation period there is decrease in level of LH hormone and continue to decrease gradually upto coming next mens period. Residual cells within ovulated graffian follicles proliferate to form corpora luteum, which secrete the steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol.

LH and fsh in pregnancy

LH and fsh hormone in pregnancy have no roll. In pregnant women development of embryo in uterus is start known as gestation period. After implantation of embryo in uterus there is decrease of LH and fsh in pregnancy period. Because in pregnant women there is no need of ovolution again and formation of ovum during their gestation period so level of LH and fsh concentration in blood decreases continue.

During the first weeks of gestation period Vishal level of LH and fsh and the response to LRH all decrease.

In third weeks of gestation period fsh decreased again in pregnant women and LH was at same level as in first two weeks

Fsh basal levels remains Low from the third week of gestation and fsh response was almost completely inhibited. Besal level of LH remains above the normal limit but LH response decrease and was completely inhibited by the 5th week of gestation period.

The increasing level of progesterone and presence of appropriate amount of oestrogen in pregnant women may be responsible for diminishing pituitary secretion of LH and fsh hormone.

Low LH and fsh in males

Low secretion of LH or FSH in males can result in failure of gonadal function of testis known as hypogonadism . This condition is typically manifest in males as failure in production of normal numbers of sperm and release of sex hormone testosterone.
Low secretion of LH and fsh in males adversely affects function of seminiferous tubules and sertoli cells, and also effects on sexual Desire in male and attraction toward female parter or opposite sex

Low secretion of LH and fsh in males are due to some reason like pituitary adenomas, cyst, metastatic cancer, hypodermic tumors May leads to delay puberty,surgery and radiation of pituitary glands, lymphocytes hypothesis that is destruction of pituitary gland , infection like meningitis that leads to tuberculosis and pituitary apophexy that is bleeding condition in pituitary gland, excessive intake of glucocorticoid that is cutting syndrome are the men causes for low secretion of LH and fsh in males.

High LH and fsh in males

Elevated or high LH and FSH in males blood levels of gonadotropins usually reflect lack of steroid negative feedback. Removal of the gonads from males as is commonly done to animals, leads to persistent elevation and rise in LH and FSH level.

In humans excessive secretion of FSH and LH most commonly the result of gonadal failure and dysfunction of testis or pituitary tumors. In general, elevated or high levels of gonadotropins like LH and FSH have no biological side effect.

LH and FSH in male infertility

Deficiency of secretion of LH and fsh hormone from pituitary gland adversly effects on functioning of testis, sperm formation and maturation and release of testosterone hormone. Low secretion of LH and fsh in male causes gonad dysfunction leads to infertility in men.

And low secretion of LH and fsh are caused due to tumor formation in pituitary gland and dysfunction of pituitary gland and failure of hypothalamus glandotrophic releasing hormone. So failure of pituitary glands and hypothalamus gland causes testis failure in male leads to infertility in males.

LH and fsh in pcos

PCOS is polycystic ovary syndrome arises in female that is cyst formation in ovary. And symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome is is anovolution, hyperandrogenion, hyper secretion of LH, elevated testosterone level, acylic estrogen production, obesity, lipid abnormalities, diabetes and cardiovascular endocrinol disorder.

Pcos cannot be diagnosed by symptoms alone and also required family background and history report doctor confirm to test for polycystic ovary syndrome and considering following normal conditions

1) luteinizing hormone level

2) follicle stimulating hormone level

3) total and free testosterone level

4) Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate

5) prolactin

6) Androstenedione

7) progesterone

8) estrogen ,TSH and glucose and cholesterol HDL and LDL level

LH and fsh responsible for ovulation in women at the beginning of menstrual cycle LH and fsh are 5-20 mlU/ml equal in beginning of menstrual cycle and rise of LH that is known as LH surge 25-20 mlU/ml before 24 hour of ovolution and level of LH hormone is slightly degrees after release of egg

But in case of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome still have LH and fsh with normal limit 5-20 mlU/ml range but difference is that LH level is average three times that of fsh level.

Women with pcos have an increased level of both total testosterone and free testosterone and it suppress normal menstrual cycle and ovolution. Women with pcos have high level of DHEAS

.